, 2008-05-22
On May 15, 2008, a federal grand jury Los Angeles indicted 49-year-old Lori Drew of OFallon, Missouri, on charges of unauthorized access to a computer, typically used in hacking cases. Yet, Drew's alleged actions had little to do with computer intrusions.
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In Shurgard Storage Centers, Inc. v. Safeguard Self Storage, Inc., 119 F.Supp.2d 1121, 1124 (W.D. Wash. 2000)employees were found to have acted "without authorization" when they accessed their employer's computers to appropriate trade secrets for the benefit of a competitor.
International Airport Centers, L.L.C. v. Citrin, 440 F.3d 418, 420-21 (7th Cir. 2006) (holding that an employee's access to data became unauthorized when breach of his duty of loyalty terminated his agency relationship). See also Vi Chip Corp. v. Lee, 438 F.Supp.2d 1087, 1100 (N.D.Ca. 2006) (applying the holding of Citrin to an employee who deleted data after being informed that his employment was to be terminated). But see Lockheed Martin Corp. v. Speed, 2006 WL 2683058 at *5-7 (M.D. Fla. 2006) 15. One court found that insiders acted without authorization when they violated clearly defined computer access policies. See, e.g., America Online, Inc. v. LCGM, Inc., 46 F.Supp.2d 444, 451 (E.D. Va. 1998) (holding that AOL members acted without authorization when they used AOL network to send unsolicited bulk emails in violation of AOL's member agreement). But see America Online, Inc. v. National Health Care Discount, Inc., 121 F.Supp.2d 1255 (N.D. Iowa 2000) (noting that no other published decision contains the same interpretation as America Online, Inc. v. LCGM, Inc. on the issue of unauthorized access).
16. Typically, however, persons who are employees or licensees of the entity whose computer they used are held liable for exceeding authorized access as opposed to unauthorized access. See EF Cultural Travel, 274 F.3d at 582-84 (holding that a former employee who violated a confidentiality agreement by providing information about accessing a protected computer system could be liable for exceeding authorized access). In SecureInfo Corp. v. Telos Corp., 387 F.Supp.2d 593 (E.D. Va. 2005), the Court dismissed a claim that defendants, who gained access to a protected computer due to breach of a software license by a licensee, either exceeded authorized access or gained unauthorized access.
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